2022年四季度债基回顾:近千只产品赎回超1亿份 这几只竟然超100亿******
中新经纬2月4日电 (薛宇飞)公募基金2022年四季度报告落下帷幕,基金份额申赎情况随之曝光。2022年债券型基金收益下滑明显,不少产品接连出现大额赎回,至四季度末,情况又是如何呢?
据Wind数据显示,2022年四季度,有996只债券型基金的净赎回份额超过1亿份,其中,超过50亿份的产品有38只,超过100亿份的有4只。从赎回率看,四季度赎回率超过50%的基金有499只,一些产品甚至被清仓式赎回,规模急剧下滑。
4只产品净赎回份额超百亿 华夏基金占2只
2022年,债券型基金出现一波赎回潮,引发市场关注。据天相投顾数据显示,去年四季度,债券型基金遭遇净赎回高达6581.22亿份,占整体基金净赎回份额的70%,当期利润则从2022年三季度的407.48亿元下降到-256.43亿元。
去年四季度,博时富瑞纯债A、华夏鼎茂A、国泰利享中短债C、华夏短债A等4只债券型基金产品的净赎回份额超过100亿份,分别约为176.49亿份、151.60亿份、102.32亿份、100.71亿份,赎回率分别高达68.27%、73.28%、62.85%、49.87%。
由于上述4只产品的赎回率较高,导致产品规模均出现大幅萎缩。净赎回规模最大的博时富瑞纯债A,由倪玉娟担任基金经理,该产品的规模在过去几年一路上扬,至2022年三季度末升至274.32亿元。但随着去年四季度债券市场的大幅波动和分化,规模出现断崖式下降,至四季度末降至约84.85亿元,较三季度末下降约190亿元。四季度,该产品的净值增长率为-1.56%,低于业绩比较基准收益率的0.02%。
截至2022年四季度末,华夏鼎茂A、国泰利享中短债C、华夏短债A的资产净值分别约为66.70亿元、67.98亿元、104.36亿元,规模降幅都较三季度末超过百亿元。在去年四季度,上述产品的收益情况不佳,净值增长率分别为-2.25%、0.09%、-0.50%,均低于各自的业绩比较基准收益率。
据Wind数据,博时富瑞纯债A、华夏鼎茂A、华夏短债A的投资者中,机构投资者的占比超过90%,它们在四季度均出现大规模的净赎回,这在一定程度上印证了去年较多机构投资者赎回止损的情况。
499只产品赎回率超50% 多只基金清仓式赎回
2022年四季度,债券型基金除了赎回的整体规模较大,单只产品的赎回率也较高。据Wind数据,四季度赎回率超过30%的产品有1016只,其中,赎回率超过50%的有499只,超过80%的也高达143只,超过90%的有82只。
赎回率超过90%的82只基金中,绝大多数都出现清仓式赎回,截至去年四季度末,剩余资产净值超过5000万元的产品寥寥无几。截至2022年三季度末,英大安惠纯债E的规模还有9亿元,四季度降为0。中加颐享纯债债券C三季度末的规模超过10亿元,到四季度末降到了40.48元。
截至2022年三季度末,前海联合淳安3年定开债券的规模还在62.19亿元,但四季度出现大额赎回,根据该产品2022年12月24日的公告,截至12月23日,产品扣除赎回确认金额后的资产净值余额低于5000万元,因此决定暂停运作。该产品在四季报中披露,截至四季度末,产品规模仅剩35880.79元,当季度,有4位机构投资者对产品进行了清仓,分别赎回约25亿份、18亿份、10亿份、6亿份,合计赎回59亿份。
清仓式赎回的产品还有富荣中短债C,四季度净赎回39.76亿份,赎回率高达97%,四季度末仅剩1.10亿份,资产净值约9731.19万元。该产品的收益在去年出现大跌,过去一年的净值增长率为-11.52%,这在较为稳健的债基中不算多见。富荣基金旗下的另一只产品——富荣富兴纯债,基金份额在去年四季度减少了36.51亿份,赎回率超过90%,份额降至3.78亿份。根据披露,在四季度,富荣富兴纯债也存在基金份额比例达到或超过20%的单一投资者全部赎回所持份额的情况。
不过,虽然较多债券产品出现净赎回,但也有一部分产品实现逆势增长。招商添悦纯债A的规模一直维持在1-3亿元之间,但到2022年四季度,净申购额度超过120亿份,参考其过去的投资者中绝大多数都是机构投资者,因此,应当是机构投资者对该产品进行了大规模申购。另外,南方恒新39个月定开债A、嘉实稳祥纯债A等都有数十亿元的净申购。
基金经理态度谨慎 调整优化仓位结构
对于今后债券型基金的表现,多位基金经理都在2022年四季报进行展望。
博时富瑞纯债A基金经理倪玉娟称,弱现实、强预期的基本格局短期难以改变。新冠感染人数预计于春节前达峰,但后续是否会有多轮感染还需要提防;地产销售、拿地到开工的传导链条尚不通畅,地产投资拐点未至;居民预期和信心受到长期抑制,消费能否复苏需要观察。因此,预计2023年一季度经济的复苏进程仍然会有波折,复苏基础并不牢固。流动性方面,在经济完成确定性修复之前,货币政策预计整体仍将维持宽松,DR007向政策利率收敛但中枢仍维持在政策利率下方,此外流动性分层的问题可以会一定程度上缓解。
倪玉娟表示,组合操作上,维持中性偏短久期策略,保持灵活操作。当前中高等级信用债具备较高的配置价值,信用利差预计修复,组合将结合实际流动性环境和预期变化,调整优化仓位结构,做适度杠杆。
东兴兴利C在去年四季度净赎回超过86亿份,基金经理司马义买买提在四季报中称,下一季度,将继续以“低回撤”为配置目的,关注市场的波动性;以充裕的流动性等待债券市场的资产配置机会,保持“进可攻、退可守”的投资风格。
景顺长城景颐双利A由董晗、李怡文、郭杰担任基金经理,他们在四季报中称,总体上看,对2023年国内经济的情况保持乐观。因此,从中期看,经济见底回升会带动利率中枢上移,维持对债券的谨慎观点。股票方面,当前A股估值已处于相对历史低位,仍维持对股票市场相对乐观的态度,后续重点关注疫情发展以及经济恢复情况,结构上将重点配置受益于国内宏观经济景气程度回升的个股和行业,以及竞争优势明显、景气程度可持续的高端制造业等。
(文中观点仅供参考,不构成投资建议,投资有风险,入市需谨慎。)
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |